Elizabeth Zambrano-Sánchez, Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Clínica Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Ciudad de México, México
José A. Martínez-Cortéz, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Ciudad de México, México
Yolanda del Río-Carlos, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Ciudad de México, México
Minerva Dehesa-Moreno, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Ciudad de México, México
Jorge Villalpando-Hernández, Enseñanza, Asociación Mexicana de Psiquiatría Infantil, Ciudad de México, México
Javier Zambrano-Sánchez, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Lic. Adolfo López Mateos. Ciudad de México, México
Background: The pandemic generated by COVID-19 modified the daily coexistence between family members, the child population in general was affected and important changes were observed in their behaviour, sleep patterns, anxiety, depression, aggression, etc. The child population with developmental disorders, specifically children with ADHD, showed a greater affectation in the emotional, behavioural and sleep pattern areas. Objective: To compare the frequency of sleep disorders (SD) in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and control group. Methods: The design was an observational cross-sectional comparative study. We evaluated 30 children with ADHD with a mean age of 8.2 years and a control group of 40 children with a mean age of 8.6 years. We used the Sleep Disorders Pediatric Questionnaire (PSQ), to assess the SD. Results: We observed a higher frequency of SD in children with ADHD compared to controls. In the control group we observed the same frequency of excessive daytime sleepiness and decreased total amount of sleep as ADHD subjects. We observed significant correlation values between the frequency diminished total amount of sleep, inadequate sleep hygiene, restless legs syndrome, in schoolchildren with ADHD combined; excessive daytime sleepiness, inadequate sleep hygiene in schoolchildren with ADHD inattentive; excessive daytime sleepiness, periodic limb movement disorder in ADHD hyperactive subjects, and diminished total amount of sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in the control group. Conclusions: The results suggest that during COVID-19 pandemic confinement subjects with ADHD present alterations in sleep pattern.
Keywords: ADHD. COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep disorders. School children.